Seit der Finanzkrise wird die Unabhängigkeit von Volkswirten, die sich öffentlich zu wirtschaftspolitischen Fragen äußern und Empfehlungen abgeben, immer lauter in Frage gestellt.
Der Film “The Inside Job” deckte haarsträubende Interessenskonflikte auf.
Dass es sich dabei nicht nur um Einzelfälle handelt, haben die beiden US-Wissenschaftler Gerald Ebstein und Jessica Carrick-Hagenbarthin einer systematischen Studie ( “Financial Economists, Financial Interests and Dark Corners of the Meltdown: It’s Time to set Ethical Standards for the Economics”) gezeigt.
Wie Christine Mattauch im Februar 2011 im Handelsblatt beschrieb, forderten 300 US-Ökonomen die “American Economic Association” daraufhin in einem offenen Brief auf, einen “Ethik-Kodex” zu beschließen, der die Mitglieder zwingt, mögliche Interessenkonflikte zu offenbaren.
Das hat die American Economic Association jetzt auf ihrer Jahrestagung in Chicago getan. Heute abend erreichte mich folgende Pressemitteilung:
At its meeting today, the Executive Committee of the American Economic Association adopted extensions to its principles for authors’ disclosures of potential conflicts of interest in the AEA’s publications. The added principles are:
(1) Every submitted article should state the sources of financial support for the particular research it describes. If none, that fact should be stated.
(2) Each author of a submitted article should identify each interested party from whom he or she has received significant financial support, summing to at least $10,000 in the past three years, in the form of consultant fees, retainers, grants and the like. The disclosure requirement also includes in-kind support, such as providing access to data. If the support in question comes with a non-disclosure obligation, that fact should be stated, along with as much information as the obligation permits. If there are no such sources of funds, that fact should be stated explicitly. An “interested” party is any individual, group, or organization that has a financial, ideological, or political stake related to the article.
(3) Each author should disclose any paid or unpaid positions as officer, director, or board member of relevant non-profit advocacy organizations or profit-making entities. A “relevant” organization is one whose policy positions, goals, or financial interests relate to the article.
(4) The disclosures required above apply to any close relative or partner of any author.
(5) Each author must disclose if another party had the right to review the paper prior to its circulation.
(6) For published articles, information on relevant potential conflicts of interest will be made available to the public.
(7) The AEA urges its members and other economists to apply the above principles in other publications: scholarly journals, op-ed pieces, newspaper and magazine columns, radio and television commentaries, as well as in testimony before federal and state legislative committees and other agencies.
Das liest sich auf den ersten Blick ganz gut. Bleibt zu hoffen, dass die Ära der “Inside Jobs” vorbei ist – und die Ökonomen in Deutschland und Europa sich die Amerikaner zum Vorbild nehmen.
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